A Critical Review on Driver Fatigue Detection and Monitoring System

Abstract

This paper reviews existing and future fatigue detection and monitoring systems. Over the past few years, there has been an increase of interest in technologies, systems, and procedures to detect and monitor driver fatigue to reduce the number of road accidents. The driving activity has become more important as this medium is more practical, faster, and cheaper in connecting humans around the world. However, driving activity can cause disasters or deaths to human in daily life as they get fatigued while driving. Driver fatigue is a vital contributor to road accidents. Studies show that 80.6% of road accidents are caused by human error which includes fatigue or drowsiness. Statistics indicate the need for a reliable driver fatigue detection and monitoring system, which could alert or warn the driver before any mishaps happens. Several approaches and methods have been developed to reduce the risk of fatigue among drivers, which uses the following measures: (1) vehicle-based measures; (2) behavioural measures; (3) physiological measures; (4) psychophysical measures; and (5) biomechanical measures. In this paper, the authors briefly review the literature on fatigue detection and monitoring systems. The findings from this review are discussed in the light of directions for future studies and the development of fatigue countermeasures.